World Sepsis Day 2023: Sepsis In Infants And Children

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Every year on 13 September, the world celebrates World Sepsis Day to unite and fight against the acute infection. Sepsis causes more than a million death worldwide every year. It is poorly known that the disease can be prevented by vaccination, and its early recognition can help reduce the mortality rates.

Sepsis In Infants & Children

A life-threatening condition, sepsis is caused when the body releases chemicals to fight against the infection, but, the immune system overdrives or becomes out of balance in response to the infection causing serious septic shock or multiple organ failure^[1] . According to WHO, globally 3 million new babies and 1.2 million children suffer from sepsis every year. Also, 95% of deaths are associated with maternal sepsis, especially in low-income countries.

Sepsis is common among children younger than 1, particularly in newborns and young infants. When a baby gets an infection in the first month after he/she is born, it is known as neonatal sepsis ^[2] . One of the main causes behind sepsis in children is premature birth ^[3] .

Symptoms Of Sepsis In Infants & Children

The signs of sepsis in infants and children are non-specific. If a parent suspects that their child has some infection that is growing worse, they need to consult a doctor immediately. The signs are as follows:

• Poor breastfeeding
• Apnea ^[4]
• Listlessness
• Pale skin
• Low urine
• Fever ^[3]
• Swelling of the abdomen
• Low body temperature
• Vomiting and diarrhoea
• Seizures ^[5]
• Jaundice

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Diagnosis Of Sepsis In Infants & Children

To diagnose the cause of infection in children and infants, 'sepsis work-up' is suggested. Itis a series of tests that help find out the type of bacteria and the virus responsible. The tests include ^[1]

• blood test,
• spinal fluid test,
• urine test,
• ultrasound, and
• x-ray.

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Treatment For Sepsis

Neonatal sepsis is one among the leading cause behind infant deaths. However, with timely treatment, the risk of sepsis in infants and children can be decreased. To treat the condition, firstly, the doctor will suggest antibiotics to fight against the developed infection ^[6] . Additionally, medications to prevent fluid loss, maintain their normal blood pressure and keep infants calm is suggested.

How To Prevent Sepsis In Infants & Children

Sepsis in infant and children can be prevented by the following steps:

• Consult a paediatrician for prevention methods for the infection.
• Practice good hygiene. For eg. apply a bandage on a cut or wound, handwash, etc.
• Keep an eye on the symptoms of sepsis.
• If you see infection on your child's body, consult a doctor before it becomes worse.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this article is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.