Just In
- 13 hrs ago Heeramandi Screening: Alia Bhatt, Ananya Panday, Rashmika Mandanna And Others Serve Finest Ethnic Style!
- 13 hrs ago From Alia Bhatt To Kriti Sanon, Korean Beauty Products That Bollywood Divas Swear By
- 16 hrs ago Exclusive: On World Malaria Day 2024, Dr Shares Danger Signs Parents Must Watch Out For In Child With Malaria
- 17 hrs ago Exclusive: Expert Debunks 5 Common Misconceptions About Expectant Mothers That You Need To Steer Clear From
Don't Miss
- Sports Who Won Yesterday's IPL Match 41? SRH vs RCB, IPL 2024 on April 25: Royal Challengers Bangalore End Losing Streak
- Finance Bajaj Group Stock Declares Rs. 60/Share Dividend: Buy Ahead of Record Date On 28 June?
- Movies TRP Report Week 16: Anupamaa, Jhanak BEAT Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai, Ghum Hai. Top 10 Shows List
- News MEA Dismisses US Human Rights Report On Manipur As 'Biased And Misinformed'
- Automobiles Royal Enfield Unveils Revolutionary Rentals & Tours Service: Check Out All Details Here
- Technology Elon Musk’s X Is Launching a TV App Similar to YouTube for Watching Videos
- Education AICTE introduces career portal for 3 million students, offering fully-sponsored trip to Silicon Valley
- Travel Escape to Kalimpong, Gangtok, and Darjeeling with IRCTC's Tour Package; Check Itinerary
Anal Cancer: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis And Treatment
Anal cancer is a rare type of cancer that affects 1 in 500 people. It is much less common than colon or rectum cancer. According to The American Cancer Society, anal cancer is rare in people younger than 35 and it most commonly affects older adults who are in their 60s.
What Causes Anal Cancer [1]
Anal cancer occurs when a genetic mutation happens in the healthy cells and turns them into abnormal cells that grow and multiply and start forming tumours. The cancer cells then start spreading to nearby tissues in the body.
Types Of Anal Cancer [1]
- Squamous cell cancer - Most anal cancers are squamous cell carcinomas because they develop from squamous cells, the cells that line the anal canal.
- Adenocarcinoma - Around 3-9 % of anal cancers are adenocarcinoma. Adenocarcinoma develops from the glandular cells in the anus. These cells produce mucous, which aids the stool to pass through the anus smoothly.
- Cloacogenic carcinoma - It accounts for 25% of all anal cancers.
Symptoms Of Anal Cancer
-
Bleeding
from
the
rectum
Itching around the rectum
Unusual discharge from the anus
Lump near the anus
Narrow stools
Pain or a feeling of fullness around the anus
Swollen lymph nodes in the groin or anal area
Changes in bowel movements
Risk Factors Of Anal Cancer
- HIV - People with HIV have an increased risk of getting anal cancer.
- Age - It occurs in older adults who are above 50.
- Smoking - Smoking excessively leads to the development of anal cancer.
- HPV (Human papillomavirus) - HPV elevates the risk of several cancers, including anal and cervical cancer.
- History of cancer - People who have had cervical or vaginal cancer in the past have an increased risk of anal cancer.
- Sex - Anal cancer is more common in females than in males.
- Reduced immunity - People who have a low immunity have a higher risk of anal cancer.
Complications Of Anal Cancer
Anal cancer most commonly spreads to the liver and the lungs.
Diagnosis Of Anal Cancer
The doctor will first ask about your medical history, symptoms and then carry out a physical examination. A rectal examination and a biopsy test are done to diagnose anal cancer.
Treatment Of Anal Cancer
The treatment of anal cancer depends on various factors, which include the size of the tumour, the extent of the spread and the stage of cancer.
Surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy are the main treatment options for anal cancer.
Surgery
Surgical
procedures
include
resection
and
abdominoperineal
resection.
In
resection,
the
surgeon
removes
a
small
tumour
and
some
surrounding
tissues
and
this
is
only
possible
if
the
cancer
hasn't
affected
the
anal
sphincter
or
muscle.
In
abdominoperineal
resection,
the
surgeon
removes
the
anus,
rectum
and
a
part
of
the
bowel.
Radiation therapy
High energy rays are used to destroy cancerous cells and during this process some healthy cells may get damaged. Radiation therapy has adverse side effects like sore and blisters that tend to develop around the anus.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is used to kill cancer cells or prevent them from spreading. Chemotherapy drugs are either given orally or by injection.
Prevention Of Anal Cancer
- Quit smoking
- Practice safe sex
- Get HPV vaccination
- insyncFarrah Fawcett's Charitable Wish
- disorders cureAnal Fistula: Causes, Risk Factors, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatments And Prevention
- healthCommon Cold: Causes, Symptoms, Risks, Effective Remedies And More
- pregnancy parentingWhite Lung Syndrome: What Are The Symptoms Of The Disease Rampant In China? How Does It Spread?
- healthWorld HIV/AIDS Day: What Is The Difference Between HIV and AIDS?
- healthDoes This Everyday Cooking Ingredient Trigger Diabetes?
- healthWorld AIDS Day: 3 Not So Common Ways HIV Can Spread from Person to Person
- health5 Signs Your Kidneys Need Attention: Don't Ignore These Warning Signals
- healthWorld Diabetes Day 2023: 3 Weird Things That Can Put You At Risk Of Developing Diabetes
- healthWorld Diabetes Day 2023: Daily Habits That Make One At Risk Of Diabetes
- healthDengue 101: Causes, Symptoms, Risks, Complications, Treatment, Prevention, Diet And More
- wellnessLung Cancer Awareness Month: Early Signs Of Lung Cancer In Men