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Common Sweetener Ups Obesity Risk Without Warning
The rise in obesity may be linked to common sweeteners found in many foods. Experiments shown that eating too much fructose increases the risk of leptin resistance, a condition that can lead to obesity when paired with a high-fat, high-calorie diet.
The
latest
findings
have
been
published
in
the
American
Journal
of
Physiology
University
of
Florida
College
of
Medicine
Researchers
in
Gainesville,
who
led
the
experiments,
described
leptin
as
a
hormone
that
plays
a
role
in
helping
the
body
to
balance
food
intake
with
energy
expenditure,
and
leptin
resistance
as
a
condition
when
the
body
stops
responding
to
it.
They highlighted that fact that leptin resistance is associated with weight gain and obesity in the face of a high-fat, high-calorie diet.
Though fructose is found in fruit, the researchers say that the normal consumption of fruit is not problematic.
This study may explain how the global increase in fructose consumption is related to the current obesity epidemic According to them, it is the consumption of table sugar and high-fructose corn syrup, added to many foods these days, which is causing people to eat much more fructose than ever before.
For their study, the researchers fed two groups of rats the same diet over a period of six months, with one important exception: one group consumed a lot of fructose while the other received no fructose.
During the six months, there were no differences in food intake, body weight, and body fat between rats on the high-fructose and the rats on the fructose-free diets. There was also as no difference between the two groups in the levels of leptin, glucose, cholesterol or insulin found in their blood.
The only difference observed at the end of the six months was that the rats on the high-fructose diet had higher levels of triglycerides in their blood.
In order to find out whether the animals had become leptin resistant, the researchers injected them with the hormone: the rats whose leptin response was functioning normally would lower their food intake.
The team observed that the rats on the high-fructose diet had become leptin resistant, as they did not lower their food intake when given leptin.
This
first
six
months
of
the
study
showed
that
leptin
resistance
can
develop
silently.
"Usually,
leptin
resistance
is
associated
with
obesity,
but
in
this
case,
leptin
resistance
developed
without
obesity.
This
was
very
surprising," said
Alexandra
Shapiro,
a
member
of
the
research
team.
"This study may explain how the global increase in fructose consumption is related to the current obesity epidemic," Shapiro said.
The researchers plan to study in their future research whether leptin resistance can be reversed by removing or reducing the fructose content of the diet.
Further experiments showed that the leptin resistant rats ate more and gained much more weight and fat than the leptin responsive animals on the fructose-free diet.
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