Understanding the Hormonal Rollercoaster: What Really Happens During Menopause

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In a country that too frequently dismisses or at least short-changes conversations about women's health, menopause may be one of the most misunderstood passages. It is expected that, by 2030, a significant portion of the female population within India will have experienced menopause. No matter how you slice it, the majority of these women are simply not ready for the physical and emotional roller-coaster ride menopause creates.

We spoke to Dr Ameet Soni, Associate Vice President, HoD - Medical Affairs, CORONA Remedies Limited, who explained the hormonal changes during menopause.

The Onset Of Menopause

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Menopause is not a single event but rather a gradual decline in hormones that begins years before your last period. The body adapts to lower levels of oestrogen and progesterone, and this adaptation affects almost every part of the body, including sleep, weight gain or loss, skin and hair changes, and even emotional well-being. "Some women experience increased fatigue or greater joint stiffness, while others notice anxiety or forgetfulness. These changes are entirely natural and part of a normal life phase. However, women who understand the process and prepare for it can manage their symptoms much more easily through healthy lifestyle habits and appropriate medical support," said Dr Soni.

Hormonal Shift beneath the Surface

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Menopause is the cessation of ovarian hormones, primarily oestrogen and progesterone. These hormones directly or indirectly affect nearly every organ system and physiological process. "Hence, when their levels drop, which typically occurs at 45-55, we see signs of decline in virtually every part of the body. Hot flashes, irregular or stopped cycles, fatigue and anxiety can be attributed to common stressors and/or age-related natural processes, or something else," shared Dr Soni.

A study found that 70.3% of peri or post-menopausal women's feelings of "Depressive mood" were moderate to severe, but even when symptoms became noticeable, most women don't reach out for medical help, often dismissing them as part of ageing or everyday stress.

"Hormonal imbalances can lead to abnormalities in cholesterol levels, bone density, and metabolism. If left unaddressed over time, these issues can increase the risk of heart disease or osteoporosis. In India, many women still turn to home remedies or ignore their symptoms, often delaying medical treatment," added Dr Soni.

Nutrition, Movement, and Medical Guidance

As with many transitions in health, managing menopause starts with lifestyle.

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• A diet that is high in calcium, iron and phytoestrogens provides what your body needs to offset hormonal decline and keep bones strong.
• Brisk walking, yoga and regular weight-bearing exercises can also improve circulation, help release endorphins and reduce hot flashes while stabilising their mood.
• Even factors, such as sleep quality and hydration, get overlooked, but they also influence how well you can balance irritability with fatigue.
• In cases where symptoms become intolerable, deficiencies can be safely managed with hormonal therapy or supplements under the care of an experienced gynaecologist.

Redefining a Natural Transition

Dr Soni concluded, "Menopause should not be regarded as the end of life, but rather as a question of finding a new hormonal equilibrium. Routine counselling with annual wellness checks for women over the age of 40 is recommended to specifically screen for bone health, heart health, and hormonal balance."

Disclaimer: The information provided in this article is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.