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Reasons For Decayed Tooth in Toddlers
Early childhood caries (ECC) is an infectious microbiological disease which spreads rapidly involving multiple teeth of young children.Once the teeth erupt through the gums, decay can occur. Tooth decay can occur when the baby is put to bed with a bottle, or when a bottle is used as a pacifier for a fussy baby. The same thing can happen as your child grows and uses a training (Sippy) cup.
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The sugars in these liquids combine with bacteria, primarily mutans streptococci,combination of cariogenic semisolid or solid food and lack of oral hygiene run a great risk(demineralization) of suffering from ECC. Caries is perceived to be a prolonged imbalance in the oral cavity such that factors favoring demineralization devastate factors that favour remineralisation or healing of tissues.
The tooth surfaces are mainly composed of crystals that are arranged in a repeating pattern in a crystal lattice structure. When these crystals are subjected to the change in pH of its surrounding(sugars), demineralization occurs and its solubility is greatly affected, thus, causing tooth decay or caries. Hence, caries occurs due to the interaction between teeth, microorganism and diet over a period of time.
ECC or baby bottle tooth decay begins as white chalky lines along gum lines and progresses to destroy the complete tooth structure.
'Lift the lip' and examine at least once in a month and make sure the teeth are dried before you look for white spots. If seen, take your baby to the Pediatric dentist right away before the cavities get worse.
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The complex knowledge of dental caries allows us to appreciate it with a comprehensive analysis of dental caries and detection of tooth demineralization sites. It, thus, is followed by comprehensive treatment of dental caries which includes abolition of cariogenic bacteria, reduction of plaque acidogenecity and enrichment of tooth mineralization.
As dental caries is now considered as a disease process, the concept of 'Primordial prevention' comes into play. The prevention of a disease not only includes methods to prevent the occurrence of the disease but also includes assessment of risk factors as also the prevention of progression of the disease.
This concept is relatively new and is gaining much importance for treatment of chronic diseases. As caries is considered as a chronic disease, the primordial prevention can be applied to dental caries as well. Primordial prevention begins in early childhood when health risk behavior begins. Thus, the pediatric dentist has a major role to play in primordial prevention of dental caries.
PREVENTION
OF
ECC
Dental
decay
is
a
preventable
disease,
and
it
can
be
stopped
and
even
potentially
reversed
during
its
early
stages.Pediatricdentists
usually
advice
cleaning
your
child's
teeth
to
prevent
cavities.
Perhaps
the
most
recognized
and
effective
method
in
the
prevention
of
caries
is
the
regular
use
of
fluoride.
It
has
become
so
essential
in
the
maintaining
the
health
of
teeth
that
certain
foods,
toothpastes,
mouthwashes,
and
even
tap
water
are
fluoridated.
ENVIRONMENTAL SOURCE OF FLOURIDE
FLOURIDE
AND
THEIR
ROLE
IN
DENTAL
CARIES
PREVENTION
Fluoride
present
in
the
oral
fluid
bonds
with
enamel,
the
tooth's
outer
surface.
Fluoride
ions
(F-)
replace
hydroxyl
groups
(OH-)
in
hydroxyapatiteto
formflourapatite
crystallattice
via
ion
exchange
thus,
making
the
tooth
more
resistant
to
sugars
and
plaque
or
invading
bacteria
colonies
that
lead
to
decay.
Using
topical
fluoride
applications,
for
example
fluoride
toothpastes,
or
fluoride
rinses,
can
also
aid
in
remineralization.
PROFESSIONAL
CARE:
Fluoride
varnish
is
a
highly
concentrated
form
of
fluoride
which
is
applied
to
the
tooth's
surface,
as
a
type
of
topical
fluoride
therapy.
Fluoride
varnish
treatments
are
shown
to
reduce
the
number
of
the
cariogenic
bacteria
by
over
ten-folds.
Fluoride
varnishes
are
available
in
different
flavors
which
can
be
advantageous
when
treating
younger
patients.
Casein phosphopeptide -Amorphous calcium phosphate, or CPP-ACP, is a milk-derived product that remineralises teeth and prevent dental caries. Casein phosphopeptides (CPP) from the major protein of milk have the ability to stabilize calcium, phosphate and fluoride ions as water soluble amorphous complexes that provide bioavailable calcium, phosphate and fluoride ions to the tooth.
These complexes of amorphous calcium phosphate and amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate stabilized by the CPP repair early stages of tooth decay by replacing the calcium and phosphate ions lost due to decay.
Under the strict supervision of a Pediatric dentist these techniques are considered as a safe and painless method can be applied to baby teeth to prevent and stop ECC.
CONSEQUENCES
These
white
spots
when
left
untreated,
may
lead
to
dental
pain,
abscess
formation,
fever,
lack
of
appetite
and
lethargy
which
effects
the
everyday
activities
leading
to
insufficient
physical
development
(especially
in
height/weight).At
this
stage
complex
treatment
involves
fillings,
root
canal
treatment
and
steel
or
veneer
crowns.
CONCLUSION
Presentevidence
on
the
dynamic
nature
of
the
carious
process
and
risk
assessment
allows
increased
importance
on
patient-specific
approaches
that
include
disease
monitoring
and
prevention
as
well
as
restorative
therapies.Regular
dental
check-up,six
months
after
the
first
tooth
is
through
or
when
your
child
reaches
the
age
of
one,
the
Pediatric
dentist
can
counsel
you
on
how
to
prevent
dental
diseases.
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