High-Protein Diets, Supplements, and Painkillers: What They Do To Your Kidneys

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Most of us don't really think about our kidneys until something goes wrong. They quietly do their job every single day, filtering blood, balancing fluids, and keeping the body running smoothly without asking for attention. But everyday habits-like loading up on protein, relying on supplements, popping painkillers too often, or even ignoring changes in your urine can slowly start affecting their health.

The difficulty lies in the fact that not all of these signs are very noticeable or are often ignored. Knowing what your body is telling you could make all the difference in protecting your kidneys before it is too late. We spoke to Dr Hardik Patel, Consultant Nephrologist and Transplant Physician, Manipal Hospital, Goa, who shared insights on the same.

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Do High-Protein Diets Harm the Kidneys?

"A person with normal kidney function requires only moderate protein intake, as kidney function remains protected at this level. The kidneys naturally increase their filtration rate through hyperfiltration, which is a process most people can handle. The real concern arises in extreme situations," said Dr Patel.

"When people consume excessive amounts of protein, especially from sources high in protein, the kidneys experience increased stress. This risk becomes even greater in individuals with undiagnosed kidney conditions or existing kidney disease. Moderation, therefore, is essential," added Dr Patel.

The Supplement Question

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The gym community widely uses protein powders, creatine, and other supplements. While these products can help athletes and individuals with higher protein needs, most people can meet their requirements through whole foods like lentils, dairy products, eggs, fish, and lean meats.

"Excessive use of supplements can lead to a higher protein intake, which may strain the kidneys, especially when combined with dehydration and intense workouts. Another concern is the presence of contaminants or undeclared ingredients in unregulated products," warned Dr Patel.

Painkillers: Greater Hidden Risk

"Frequent use of common pain relief medications, such as ibuprofen and diclofenac, may pose a greater risk to kidney health than dietary habits. These drugs can reduce blood flow to the kidneys, leading to decreased circulation, especially when used regularly or over long periods," warned Dr Patel.

Occasional use is generally considered safe, but continuous use without medical supervision can be harmful.

Who Should Be More Cautious?

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People with diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, obesity, existing kidney disease, or older age should be more careful about their protein consumption and their medication usage.

Early Warning Signs

Kidney disease develops without symptoms until it reaches a stage where people experience symptoms, such as swelling around the eyes, swelling around the ankles, fatigue, foamy urine, and changes in urination patterns.

What Your Urine Colour Says About Kidney Function

Urine colour provides important information about a person's hydration status and the condition of their kidneys. The body requires normal hydration and healthy kidney function to produce pale yellow urine.

"Dark yellow or amber urine indicates dehydration because the kidneys are actively trying to conserve water. Someone with completely clear urine probably experiences overhydration. Foamy urine can indicate that a person is losing excessive protein, which serves as an early indication of kidney damage. Red or brown urine requires immediate medical attention because it shows the presence of blood or other medical conditions. Persistent changes should always be evaluated," explained Dr Patel.

Bottomline

Dr Patel concluded, "People can preserve their kidney function through time by maintaining proper hydration levels, consuming nutritious foods, avoiding unnecessary medications and attending regular medical assessments."

Disclaimer: The information provided in this article is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.