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All About Chickungunya
'Chickungunya'- The wildly pronounced disease of the current times. A chill of fear and alarm passes through one by the very mention of the disease. The disease is playing havoc on the public health causing unutterable suffering in the form of high fever and acute joint pain though it is not considered fatal.
Chickungunya is considered to be a rare form of viral fever caused by a Alphavirus belonging to the Group IV Togaviridae family (Tiger mosquitoes) of virus. The disease is transmitted to the humans through the virus affected Aedes Aegypti mosquito. The disease is said to have first found its expression in Tanzania, in the east coast of Africa in 1952 and also in Portklang in Malaysia in 1999. The word is said to have found its derivation from the Makonde(a group or a sect in Tanzania and Mozambique) word meaning' that which bends' owing to the arthritis symptom of the disease. It is a human- mosquito-human transmission.
Warm and humid climate and water reservoirs serve as breeding ground for chickungunya.
From the beginning of 2006, the areas around the Indian Ocean underwent the outbreak of chickungunya. By the first week of March as many as 1,57,000 people were affected in the French island La Reunion and the disease has spread its wings to Seychelles, Mauritius, Mayotte (French) and has further traveled up to India, China and the European countries.
Symptoms
The
phenomenal
symptoms
of
the
disease
include
a
sudden
onset
of
chill,
high
body
temperature
that
rises
up
to
102-103
degrees,
Petechial(red
or
purple
spots
on
the
body)
or
Maculopapular
rash(red
spots
or
bumps)
and
Artharalgia
meaning
pain
in
the
joints,
Photophobia(
sensitivity
to
sunlight
or
any
light)
and
severe
headache.
The
fever
normally
comes
down
in
about
a
week's
time
but
however
the
prevalence
of
the
other
symptoms
like
insomnia,
headache
and
particularly
the
joint
pains
are
said
to
prolong
for
weeks.
In
older
victims
the
joint
pains
are
said
to
torture
for
even
a
couple
of
months.
It
may
also
rarely
cause
Hemorrhagic
fever
especially
in
children.
The
epidemic
cycle
resembles
that
of
Dengue
and
yellow
fever.
Other dermatological symptoms of chickungunya in the southern and western parts of India include maculopapular ras, nasal blotchy erythema, flagellete, hyper pigmentation, multiple ecchymotic spots, lesions, utricaria etc.
Fetal contamination of chickungunya is uncommon before 22 weeks of gestation, but after 22 weeks the fetes can be affected if the mother is tested positive for viremia.
Treatment
There
is
no
specific
treatment
for
Chikungunya
but
however
'Chloroquine' a
drug
used
in
treating
malaria
and
also
in
arthritis
problems
is
said
to
be
of
a
promising
cure
to
Chikungunya.
The
research
by
Italian
scientist
Andrea
Savarino
and
his
colleagues
emphasizes
on
the
fact
that
Chloroquine
can
be
an
effective
cure
in
treating
Chickungunya.
A
right
amount
of
vitamins
and
antibiotics
can
help
quicker
recovery.
Analgesic and anticonvulsants are advocated in the treatment.
Preventive
measures
Cleanliness
has
to
be
advocated.
A
clean
environment
keeps
the
mosquitoes
at
bay.
It
is
very
essential
to
keep
oneself
safe
from
mosquito
bites.
Using
mosquito
repellents
containing
Deet
or
Permethrin
can
prove
an
effective
cover
from
getting
targetted
by
the
mosquitoes.
Both
are
chemicals
used
in
keeping
mosquitoes
and
ticks
away.
They
are
insect
repellents
that
can
be
used
on
the
clothes.
They
play
an
active
role
in
blinding
the
senses
of
the
insects
to
keep
away
from
getting
victimized.
They
can
also
be
used
on
mosquito
nets.
They
are
effective
participants
in
the
prevention
of
mosquito
borne
diseases
like
dengue
and
malaria.
Skin
irritations
owing
to
their
usage
are
uncommon.
It is also very important to drain out any stagnated water around the residence. Any container or flowerpots containing water has to be emptied. Clothing that aids in minimal exposition of the body has to be adopted like full sleeves shirts or tops and pants. Victims should be safeguarded against further bites.
Chickungunya
is
not
fatal.
But
however
it
is
best
to
start
getting
treated
at
the
beginning
of
the
ailment
itself.
Active
adherence
to
the
preventive
measures
can
help
a
great
way
in
keeping
the
disease
at
bay.
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