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Are You Suffering From Diabetes?
Who are at risk of Diabetes?
Family history of Diabetes is the major risk factor. If you have a family history and your blood sugar is normal, it is advisable to check for Diabetes every year. Sedentary life-style, obesity, smoking, excessive alcohol intake, high blood pressure and in case of women previous Diabetes in pregnancy or delivering big baby (birth weight more than 4Kg) are risk factors for Diabetes.
What
are
the
symptoms
of
Diabetes?
In
adults,
at
least
at
the
beginning
you
may
not
have
any
symptom.
When
your
blood
sugar
is
above
180
mg%,
sugar
starts
appearing
in
the
urine.
Sugar
in
the
urine
drags
water
and
you
pass
a
lot
of
urine
and
feel
dry
and
thirsty.
You
may
also
feel
tired
and
loose
weight.
Your
appetite
increases
and
peculiarly
you
may
notice
that
you
are
loosing
weight
in
spite
of
eating
more.
Chance
of
infection
is
higher
if
you
have
high
sugar
and
also
your
healing
from
infection,
cut
or
wound
may
be
unusually
delayed.
Some
people
complain
of
poor
eyesight.
How
do
we
diagnose
Diabetes?
The
normal
blood
glucose
in
the
morning
before
taking
any
food
(fasting)
is
less
than
110
mg.
There
are
three
ways
we
diagnose
Diabetes.
Urine
glucose
is
not
reliable
for
diagnosis.
Fasting blood glucose 126 mg or more is diagnostic of Diabetes; value in-between 110mgms to 125mgs is called borderline Diabetes.
A random blood glucose sample taken anytime of the day more than 200 mg is also diagnostic of Diabetes. If there are no symptoms a repeat test is needed.
In doubtful cases sample is taken after a glucose drink, called glucose tolerance test (GTT)
Protocol
for
GTT
Normal
diet
for
3
days
Overnight
fasting
Blood
sample
for
sugar,
urine
sample
not
needed
75gms
of
glucose(GluconD)
in
100
ml
of
water
over
5
mins
Blood
sample
for
sugar
2
hrs
later,
urine
sample
not
needed
We have analysed the data of 'normal people" who underwent a routine health check in our hospital and have found that when the fasting blood sugar is more than 90mg/dl, they have an increase risk of having a 2hr value >140mg/dl (Impaired glucose tolerance or borderline diabetes). Hence we recommend GTT for anybody with a fasting sugar >90mg% to detect diabetes and borderline diabetes early.
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