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Yaksha Prasna-Part IV
Yaksha:
"Please
tell
me.
Oh
King,
definitely,
by
what
does
a
person
attain
the
state
of
Brahminhood?
Is
it
by
birth,
by
study,
by
conduct
or
by
learning?"
Yudhishtira:
"Listen,
oh,
Yaksha,
that
none
attains
the
state
of
Brahminhood
by
his
birth,
nor
by
his
study
or
by
the
learning.
It
is
undoubtedly,
one's
own
conduct
that
is
responsible
for
his
brahminhood.Therefore,
one
especially
a
brahmin,
should
watch
his
conduct
and
maintain
it
without
any
lapses.
A
person
who
has
not
gone
down
in
his
conduct,
would
prosper;
whereas
one
who
has
lost
his
conduct,
is
as
good
as
dead.
A teacher, the taught and those others who are interested in scriptures and sastras, if they are indulgent they should be treated as fools. Only he who maintains his conduct and character is verily a Pandit. A very learned person in all the four Vedas if he is of bad conduct. would be worse than a low-born. One who maintains his sacrificial fire, austere and self-control is verily a brahmin."
Yaksha: “What is the greatest wonder in the world?"
Yudhishtira: "Every day people are dying and reaching the abode of death. Still the living desire to live for ever. Could there be a greater wonder?"
Yaksha: "What is the right path?
Yudhishtira: "Logic and reasoning is invalid; many are the laws and scriptures, differing from one another; there is no single sage whose words could be an authority. The essence of Dharma is hidden in the deep cave. The path tread by the pious and the wise is the right path."
The Yaksha was very much pleased. He told Yudhishtira that he was satisfied by the answers to all the questions.
Yaksha told Yudhishtira that he may ask for the life of anyone of his brothers. Yudhishtira asked; “May Nakula, the dark, the red eyed, the broad shouldered lying there like a big Shala tree be alive."
Yaksha was wonders truck. He said: “Bheema and Arjuna are dear to you. Then, why did you ask for the life of Nakula. your step-brother?"
Yudhishtira gave the reply which has become the most famous statement in the Mahabharata.
"If one were to kill the dharma, it would kill him in turn; and when one protects dharma, he would be protected by the Dharma"
Therefore, I shall not transgress the dharma, and I don't want to be destroyed by the dharma, killed by me. Non-cruelty and nonviolence towards others (anrushamsm) is the supreme dharma and it is the supreme goal. I shall abide by it. Oh, Yaksha may Nakula live! My father had two wives, Kunti, my mother and Madri, my step mother whose son is Nakula. Just like Kunti my mother, Madri is also my mother; there is no distinction. I want these mothers of mine to be treated equally, May Nakula live!"
Yaksha replied: “Yes, Non-cruelty is the supreme dharma. May all your brothers come back to life" The Yaksha was none other than Yama, the father of Yudhishtira. who came to meet, test and bless him.
The questions asked by Yaksha are not random, but they are very methodical and have a psychological sequence leading from one to the other.
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