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Thirukkural-On Virtue-Not Causing Injury-Kural 314
Rajaji's translation is given below:
The best punishment for those who do evil to you,Is to shame them by returning good for evil.
The expression, 'To put a person to shame' is not used here in the sense of disgracing him; on the contrary, the idea is to awaken his sensitiveness. The pain felt by the wrong-doer in such a context is greater than any that anger, or a resulting vengeful act, could inflict on him.
Lao Tse, the Sage of China, has enjoined 'Requite injury with kindness'.
Biblical parallels are found in the following passages -
'Whoever
strikes
thee
on
the
right
cheek,
turn
to
him
the
other
also.'
(Matt: 5, 39)
and
'If
thine
enemy
hunger,
feed
him;
if
he
thirst
give
him
a
drin;
for
in
so
doing
thou
shalt
heap
coals
of
fire
on
his
head'.
(Proverbs: 25,21) modified in (Paul – Romans 12:20)
The last line here brings out the idea of “Avar naana"
The
Holy
Koran
too
has
laid
down
'Keep
to
forgiveness
(o,
Mohammad)
and
enjoin
kindness,
and
turn
away
from
the
ignorant'.
Valluvar's advice in this Kural is complete, consummate and practical. A man who cannot rise above an injury is surely beneath the standard of a worthy man. The last word 'Vidal' f this couplet, is also typical of Valluvar, for he says, having done a good turn in return for the injury, forget it. The implication is that no particular result need be expected. It shall be a disinterested action of the Gita standard, as it were.
In the context of this Kural, I am reminded of J R Lowell's poem, 'Youssouf' in which the great and generous Sheik of the desert avenged the killing of his first born son by speeding the murderer to safety with enough gold and a speed horse. In his heart, Youssouf felt that in doing thus he was acting 'as one lamp lights another, nor grows less, so nobleness enkindleth nobleness.'
Youssouf's conduct in this connection went one step ahead of just forgiveness. It is in line with Seneca's view that 'the mark of true greatness is not to notice that you have received a blow' – that a wrong has been done to you.
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