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Thirukkural-On Virtue-Avoidance Of Killing-Kural 321
Non-killing in itself is the highest virtue; whereas The taking of life will bring in its wake, all evil
The idea here is that the avoidance of the sin of killing is itself an outstanding virtue and the failure to observe the code of non-killing will bring about sins of all description.
This chapter on non-killing has attracted special attention from two angles. One is as an alleged pointer to the religious persuasion of Thiruvalluvar. Some scholars feel that his categoric endorsement of non-killing is because he subscribed to the jain philosophy. This need not really be the case because in the Tamil Society of those days, some of the thinkers had from a purely rational approach, formulated and practiced the doctrine of non-killing and of not eating meat. Valluvar was pre-eminent among them. After all, Bernard Shaw chose to be vegetarian from just such an approach.
The other angle from which this chapter assumes importance is again the rational approach of 'reverence for life' which Albert Schweitzer formulated as the basis of discerning Indian ethics. Schweitzer had studied and assimilated 'Thirukkural' in substantial depth before he came to this conclusion. In fact, he found that the ethics of India taught a responsibility without limit, towards all that lives. It was this that E W Hopkins referred to as india's gentle doctrine of 'Harmlessness'. He would see in this doctrine, the basis for a final solution of all violence and wars in the world.
In
any
case,
Gandhiji
believed
so
and
taught
his
vital
principle
of
Ahimsa
or
Non-violence.
He
taught
it
by
precept
and
example.
He
built
a
whole
national
movement
for
independence
on
it,
and,
to
the
surprise
of
all
the
world,
also
succeeded
finally.
Gandhiji's
non-violence
was,
however,
a
larger
concept
with
the
idea
on
non-violence
extending
beyond
just
non-killing.
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