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Mouth Ulcers: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention
Mouth ulcers are harmless, yet painful and sometimes discomforting. They are usually found inside the mouth. Individuals who are chemically sensitive can develop mouth ulcers as they sometimes result from odour sensitivity.
Generally small in size, mouth ulcers can range from one millimetre up to several centimetres across. There can also be breaks-in the moist inside surfaces of the mouth.
They have a raised border and the appearance can be grey or yellow or white. Mouth ulcers are extremely common among people. However, it can be a cause for concern when they become a recurrent problem.
Causes Of Mouth Ulcers [1]
1.
Accidentally
biting
the
inside
of
the
cheeks
while
talking
or
eating
2.
Deficiencies
of
iron,
folic
acid
or
vitamin
B12
3.
Allergies
to
foods
such
as
chocolate,
peanuts,
eggs,
cereals,
almonds,
strawberries,
cheese
and
citrus
fruits
4.
Viral
infection
(cold
sores)
5.
Gastrointestinal
disorders
such
as
Crohn's
disease
6.
Reactions
caused
due
to
medication
7.
Spicy
food
8.
Poor
oral
hygiene
9.
Constant
contacts
with
dentures
or
braces
[2]
10.
Emotional
stress
11.
An
allergic
reaction
due
to
oral
bacteria
12.
People
suffering
from
constipation
will
also
be
ill
with
mouth
ulcers
13.
Immediately
after
quitting
smoking
some
people
will
get
mouth
ulcers
Symptoms
Of
Mouth
Ulcers
[2]
The
ulcers
usually
occur
towards
the
front
of
the
mouth.
The
person
can
experience
burning
or
prickling
sensation
even
before
the
appearance
of
the
ulcers.
During
extreme
outbreaks
of
mouth
ulcers
then
the
person
would
experience
fever,
sluggishness
and
swollen
gums.
If
it
fails
to
heal
within
a
month
then
it
has
to
be
investigated
with
a
biopsy.
Diagnosis Of Mouth Ulcers
Doctors will look inside the mouth to examine your mouth ulcer. They will also look at your medical history to determine why you get ulcers. If your mouth ulcer is mild then there is no need to have a formal diagnosis. You need to consult a doctor if the mouth ulcer is causing pain or if it is recurrent. Make sure to visit the doctor if your mouth ulcers has lasted more than 3 weeks.[3]
The diagnosis is usually easy to make because there is a history of trauma associated with ill-fitting dentures or other minor injury to the oral activity.[4]
Treatment Of Mouth Ulcers
There is a wide range of products that are marketed for the temporary relief and treatment of mouth ulcers. They contain corticosteroids, local anaesthetics, protectants, astringents and antiseptics. Pain relief creams or ointments like benzocaine are beneficial. It is important to rinse your mouth regularly with salt water and baking soda to manage your oral health.
You can apply chamomile tea on the ulcers or try to swish it in your mouth and then swallow. If you are always prone to mouth ulcers then try to boost your immune system with immune enhancing herbs. The herbs are echinacea, astragalus and wild indigo.[5]
Chlorhexidine gluconate is the most commonly prescribed mouthwash for mouth ulcers. It has to be used twice a day. Hydrocortisone is the most commonly prescribed corticosteroid that is in the form of a lozenge which slowly dissolves in the mouth.[6]
If there is an underlying nutrient deficiency then one daily supplement of 10-50 milligrams of B-complex vitamins is worth a try to mend your health.
Moreover, even zinc helps to cure and heal the wounds and it manages to support tissue growth in children[7] . Ice can soothe the pain and it would dry up the sores quickly. It is essential that you apply it directly for forty minutes or several times in a day. It can allow the scab to heal.
How To Prevent Mouth Ulcers
•
Always
consume
a
balanced
diet.
If
you
have
mild
mouth
ulcers,
stick
to
a
soft
food
diet.
•
Get
regular
dental
check-ups
done.
•
Always
use
a
soft
bristled
brush.
You
can
use
mouth
sponges
as
well.
•
Do
not
use
a
toothpaste
containing
sodium
lauryl
sulphate.
•
Avoid
consumption
of
salty
and
acidic
foods,
especially
if
you
have
a
mild
mouth
ulcer.
•
Make
sure
that
you
rinse
your
mouth
after
all
meals.
•
Consumption
of
whole
grains
and
alkaline
fruits
and
vegetables
will
reduce
the
occurrence
of
mouth
ulcers.
•
Multivitamins
can
be
taken
to
keep
mouth
infections
at
bay.
- [1] Scully, C., & Shotts, R. (2000). ABC of oral health. Mouth ulcers and other causes of orofacial soreness and pain.BMJ (Clinical research ed.),321(7254), 162–165.
- [2] Sharma, R., Pallagatti, S., Aggarwal, A., Sheikh, S., Singh, R., & Gupta, D. (2018). A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial on Clinical Efficacy of Topical Agents in Reducing Pain and Frequency of Recurrent Aphthous Ulcers.The open dentistry journal,12, 700.
- [3] Singh, R. B., & Batta, P. (2018). Herpes simplex virus keratitis mimicking Acanthamoeba keratitis: a clinicopathological correlation.BMJ case reports,2018, bcr-2018.
- [4] Plana-Pla, A., Solé, L. C., Garcia, A. B., & Valdemoros, R. L. (2019). Mycophenolate mofetil-induced mouth ulcers in a kidney transplant patient: Case report and literature review.Nefrología (English Edition),39(1), 80-83.
- [5] Parvathi Devi, M. K., Ramesh, D. N. S. V., Shrinivas Koppal, A. R. B., & Thriveni Rukmangada, A. A. B. (2014). Efficacy of rebamipide and levamisole in the treatment of patients with recurrent aphthous ulcer-a comparative study.Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR,8(11), ZC119.
- [6] Zhu, S., Shi, Q., & Lu, J. (2018). Curative effect of oral ulcer powder on the treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcer.Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences,31.
- [7] Sun, H., Zhu, X., Li, D., & Cheng, T. (2019). Effects of a compound vitamin B mixture in combination with GeneTime® on radiation-induced oral mucositis.Journal of International Medical Research, 0300060519831171.
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