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13 Early Warning Signs Of Diabetes Mellitus Or Type 2 Diabetes
Diabetes is a metabolic disease, characterized by high levels of sugar (glucose) in the blood. Production of insulin (a pancreatic hormone that deals with balancing blood sugar levels) is either reduced or the cells don't respond to it properly. Let's have a look at types of diabetes and their symptoms. There are two types of diabetes type 1 diabetes (also called juvenile onset diabetes) and type 2 diabetes (maturity onset diabetes or diabetes mellitus). Type 1 diabetes prevails by birth or attacks in childhood. In this the pancreas producing insulin are damaged due to some infectious disease or auto immune disease. The only treatment is administration of insulin.
Type 2 diabetes on the other hand most commonly occurs due to our lifestyle after the age of 40 or so. It is a maturity onset disease. Causes of diabetes mellitus are lack of exercise, taking processed sugary foods and obesity. People who have a family history of diabetes are at more risk. Pancreas produce little insulin or the insulin becomes insensitive to transport glucose to cells for energy utilisation. It is a common, modern-age disease. The signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus type 2 are initially very few which can be easily overlooked. One out of three people who have it don't even know about it. As diabetes is a serious condition that can cause dangerous complications including cardiovascular and neurological damage, it is important to detect it as soon as possible.
In 2013, over 382 million people around the world had diabetes, and 90% of them had type 2 diabetes. With the right diet, exercise regimen and medications (if necessary), diabetes can be kept under control. The person can continue to live a fulfilling life.
How to know that i have diabetes? Find out, with Boldsky some of the early warning signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus type 2, so you can act on it and protect your health. Have a look at some important warning signs of diabetes. If you are experiencing some of the following symptoms, see your doctor so you can have a blood test and establish if you are suffering from type 2 diabetes.
Frequent Urination (Polyuria)
If you notice that you have to urinate more often, and you wake up during the night (sometimes several times) to empty your bladder, this could be a warning sign. The kidneys start working harder to get rid of the excess glucose from the blood.
Excessive Thirst (Polydipsia)
This is one of the first signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus type 2 . As you lose more fluids through urination, the body will try to replenish them. There is always an intense feeling of thrist and dry mouth.
Increased Hunger (Polyphagia)
Increased hunger is one of the signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus type 2. Due to extreme highs and lows in blood sugar levels, the body develops a sudden urge to eat. The cells don't get enough glucose, so you crave it.
Dry Mouth
How to know that i have diabetes? Dry mouth is one of the diabetes symptom. You experience a lack of moisture in the mouth, which can be both unpleasant and dangerous. Dry mouth can become a breeding place for bacteria and cause different oral and dental problems. Gum diseases are a known complication of diabetes.
Unexplained Weight Loss Or Weight Gain
This is one of the early signs of diabetes in adults. As insulin is unable to transport glucose into the cells, the body reacts as if it would be starving and starts using proteins from the muscles. Rapid, unexplained weight loss is not healthy and requires further investigation. On the other hand, increased consumption of sugary foods can lead to weight gain.
Fatigue
Excessive tiredness can develop when body constantly compensates for the lack of glucose in the cells. Fatigue also occurs as your sleep gets interrupted by the urgency to urinate. People start experiencing lower levels of energy and are chronically not feeling well.
Vision Problems
High blood sugar also affects the eyes. It changes the shape of the lens and eyes. As a result, your vision becomes blurry. You can see occasional flashes of light and the vision gets distorted. Initially, the changes to the eyes are reversible. However, if sugar levels stay high for a long period of time, this can cause permanent damage and can even lead to eyesight loss.
Headaches
A headache can develop due to elevated blood sugar levels and is considered an early sign of hyperglycemia (high blood glucose). The symptom gets worse as condition worsens.
Cuts And Bruises That Do Not Heal
This classic sign of diabetes is a consequence of blood vessel damage. Excessive amounts of sugar harm the veins and arteries, so they become less able to transport blood to where it is needed to repair and heal the damage.
Yeast Infections
Since bacteria and fungi grow in a sugary environment, infections can become more common. The most frequent ones are yeast infections, such as candida, especially vaginal candida infections in women.
Numbness And Tingling In Hands And Feet
This symptom is a result of nerve damage (neuropathy) that is connected with diabetes. Tingling and numbness can be accompanied by burning pain and swelling. If sugar levels are not brought down, the nerve damage can become permanent and presents a serious complication of diabetes.
Skin Changes
Velvety dark skin, known as achantosis nigricans, can appear on the neck, groin and armpit. You can also observe other unusual skin changes and itchiness, especially around the vaginal or groin area.
Sexual Dysfunction
Diabetes also damages blood vessels and nerves in the sex organs, which can lead to different sexual problems. Women can experience vaginal dryness and men can have difficulty with erection. 35 to 75 percent of men with diabetes suffer from impotence.
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